The New Global Operating System For Money

Key Takeaways

  • Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
  • Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.
  • Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna. Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Back to Top up arrow
Authors

Li Fan

Chief Technology Officer

Li Fan leads Circle’s engineering team, and has served as CTO and interim CPO at Lime, SVP of engineering at Pinterest, Senior Director of Engineering at Google Inc., and Vice President of Engineering at Baidu, China.

LinkedIn

Nikhil Chandhok

Chief Product Officer

Nikhil is responsible for developing accessible and easy-to-use products for new and existing Circle customers. He has experience developing tech-forward products and software that advanced mobile devices, streaming video, AI, and Augmented Reality at companies, including Meta, Google, YouTube, and Microsoft.

Elisabeth Carpenter

Chief Operating Officer

Elisabeth leads global Revenue and Marketing, overseeing the complete go-to-market experience, and runs global business operations, including Talent. She brings decades of experience leading companies revolutionizing industries ranging from financial services to nonprofit fundraising to media as COO of Evertrue, SVP at Brightcove, and SVP at News Corporation and BSkyB.

LinkedIn

Download the PDF

convergence-money-internet-cover
  1.  “Technology Adoption.” Our World in Data. Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser. 2017. Retrieved from: https://ourworldindata.org/technology-adoption#internet-access-technology
  2.  “Why Software is Eating the World.” The Wall Street Journal. Marc Andreessen, August 20, 2011. Retrieved from: https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424053111903480904576512250915629460
  3. “Internet Crushes Traditional Media: From Print to Digital.” U.S. Census Bureau. Adam Grundy, June 7, 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2022/06/internet-crushes-traditional-media.html#:~:text=There%20was%20a%20pronounced%20shift,and%20the%20Pew%20Research%20Center.
  4. Juniper Research, 2020 forecast of 2022 B2B payment flows
  5. The World Bank, as of 2019
  6. “Amazon’s Extraordinary Evolution.” CNN Business. Lydia DePillis and Ivory Sherman, October 4, 2018. Retrieved from: https://www.cnn.com/interactive/2018/10/business/amazon-history-timeline/index.html
  7. Amazon Prime Timeline: 2005–Today.” Pattern. Rebeca Brown, December 13, 2022. Retrieved from: https://pattern.com/blog/amazon-prime-a-timeline-from-2005-to-2020/
  8. "What winter? Crypto VCs continue their spending spree.” Fortune. Kevin Kelleher, July 27 2002. Retrieved from:  https://fortune.com/2022/07/27/crypto-winter-crypto-vc-investments-fundraising/
  9. “Blockchain in Payments.” Insider Intelligence. David Morris, Daniel Van Dyke, Julia Woolever and Ali Young. April 2021.
  10. Bank of America Online Banking Service Agreement: Business Services Addendum. Retrieved from https://www.bankofamerica.com/onlinebanking/online_business_suite_addendum.go#:~:text=Next%2DBusiness%2DDay%20ACH%20transfers,transfers%2C%20the%20fee%20is%20%2425
  11. “How Much Are Credit Card Processing Fees?” Nerdwallet. Billie Anne Grigg and Whitney Vandiver, October 27, 2021. Retrieved from: https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/small-business/credit-card-processing-fees#:~:text=Credit%20card%20processing%20fees%20will,in%20credit%20card%20processing%20fees.
  12. “Blockchain in Payments.” Insider Intelligence. David Morris, Daniel Van Dyke, Julia Woolever and Ali Young. April 2021.
  13. “How Ethereum’s Merge Promises Much Greener Crypto.” Bloomberg. Olga Kharif, August 23 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-23/what-are-crypto-proof-of-work-and-proof-of-stake-quicktake-l768gkg3
  14. “An Accelerated History of Internet Speed.” Entrepreneur. Brian Patrick Eha, September 25 2013. Retrieved from: https://www.entrepreneur.com/science-technology/an-accelerated-history-of-internet-speed-infographic/228489
  15. “What Is a Good Internet Speed?” US News & World Report. Kristin Shaw, Onjeinika Brooks and Rachel Hisle, May 23 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.usnews.com/360-reviews/services/internet-providers/what-is-a-good-internet-speed
  16. “Average internet connection speed in the United States from 2007 to 2017 (in Mbps), by quarter.” Statista. S. O’Dea, July 22 2020. Retrieved from: https://www.statista.com/statistics/616210/average-internet-connection-speed-in-the-us/
  17. Nearly 75% of retailers plan to accept cryptocurrency payments within the next 2 years.” CNBC. Cheyenne DeVon. July 29, 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.cnbc.com/2022/07/29/deloitte-75-percent-of-retailers-plan-to-accept-crypto-payments-in-2-years.html
  18.  “Gucci Leads In Crypto Transactions.” Forbes. Walter Loeb, August 4 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/walterloeb/2022/08/04/gucci-leads-in-crypto-transactions/?sh=79554677135b
  19. “TAG Heuer Is Now Accepting Cryptocurrency For US Online Purchases.” Hodinkee. James Stacey, May 19, 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.hodinkee.com/articles/tag-heuer-is-now-accepting-cryptocurrency-for-us-online-purchases
  20. “Nike, D&G, Tiffany Top List of Brands Generating Revenue From NFTs.” The Fashion Law. August 23, 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.thefashionlaw.com/nike-dg-tiffany-top-list-of-brands-generating-revenue-from-sales-of-nfts/
  21.  “Adidas Earn $23 Million From Its Metaverse NFT Series.” The Crypto Times. Vismaya V, December 18 2021. Retrieved from:  https://www.cryptotimes.io/adidas-earn-23-million-from-its-metaverse-nft-series/
  22. Source: https://www.dapperlabs.com/#products
  23. “Solana Pay ushers in new payments era.” Sheraz Shere. February 2 2022. Retrieved from: https://solana.com/news/solana-pay-announcement
  24.  “Report: Video game revenue shrinks in 2022, snapping growth streak.” Axios. Stephen Totilo. November 15, 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.axios.com/2022/11/15/global-video-game-market-decline-2022
  25.  Source: Statista, 2021. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1096424/live-music-industry-revenue-worldwide/
  26.  “NFT Tickets Are the Future of Live Music. Here’s Why.” nftnow. Langston Thomas. October 26, 2022. Retrieved from: https://nftnow.com/features/nft-tickets-are-the-future-of-live-music/
  27.  Source: Statista, 2021. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1096424/live-music-industry-revenue-worldwide/
  28.  “USDC flips Tether on the Ethereum network.” Cointelegraph. Brian Newar, January 19 2022. Retrieved from: https://cointelegraph.com/news/usdc-flips-tether-on-the-ethereum-network
  29. As of August 2022. Source: DeFi Llama dashboard. Retrieved from: https://defillama.com/
  30. “DeFi can be 100 times larger than today in 5 years.” Cointelegraph. Artem Tolkachev, November 6 2021. Retrieved from: https://cointelegraph.com/news/defi-can-be-100-times-larger-than-today-in-5-years
  31.  “Cryptocurrency Exchanges.” Corporate Finance Institute. Andrew Loo, August 30 2022. Retrieved from: https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/other/cryptocurrency-exchanges/
  32. “Uniswap Hits $1T Trade Volume Milestone.” Blockworks. David Canellis, May 25 2002. Retrieved from: https://blockworks.co/uniswap-hits-1t-trade-volume-milestone/
  33.  “Compound Treasury Receives S&P Credit Rating.” Medium. Reid Cuming, May 9 2022. Retrieved from: https://medium.com/compound-finance/compound-treasury-sp-credit-rating-897aff3a6f8c
  34.  “Starting With Emerging Markets.” Medium. Goldfinch Foundation, July 27 2022. Retrieved from: https://medium.com/goldfinch-fi/starting-with-emerging-markets-cf494038fb97 
  35.  “Roofstock onChain Sells First Real Estate NFT Purchased with USDC through On-Chain Home Financing.” The Circle Pressroom. October 18, 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.circle.com/en/pressroom/roofstock-onchain-sells-first-real-estate-nft-purchased-with-usdc-through-on-chain-home-financing
  36.  “Global OTC derivatives market, BIS. Retrieved from: https://stats.bis.org/statx/srs/table/d5.1?f=pdf
  37.  Crude Oil Futures – Margins, CME. Retrieved from: https://www.cmegroup.com/markets/energy/crude-oil/light-sweet-crude.margins.html
  38.  Selected FCM Financial Data, CFTC. Retrieved from: https://www.cftc.gov/sites/default/files/2022-12/01%20-%20FCM%20Webpage%20Update%20-%20October%202022.pdf
  39.  “DTCC plans 2022 go live for blockchain stock settlement Project Ion.” Ledger Insights. September 15 2021. Retrieved from: https://www.ledgerinsights.com/dtcc-plans-go-live-of-blockchain-stock-settlement-project-ion-in-2022/
  40.  Ibid.
  41.  “Wall Street Giant DTCC Launches Private Blockchain in Big Crypto-Milestone for TradFi.” CoinDesk. Oliver Knight, August 22 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.coindesk.com/business/2022/08/22/wall-streets-dtcc-launches-private-blockchain-platform-to-settle-trades/
  42. Ibid.
  43. “Building the Settlement System of the Future.” DTCC. September 2021. Retrieved from:
    https://www.dtcc.com/-/media/Files/Downloads/WhitePapers/DTCCs-Project-ION-Platform-Moves-to-Development-Phase-Following-Successful-Pilot-with-Industry.pdf